Method and apparatus for pressure control of glass-making thickness-control zone

ABSTRACT

Managing pressure within a thickness-control-zone (muffle door) housing ( 20 ) relative to pressures in a glass-making machine enclosure ( 60 ) and an upper chamber ( 40 )—that is disposed outside the enclosure—so as to minimize or control undesired airflows that would adversely affect thickness ( 9 ) of glass ribbon ( 8 ). According to one pressure-management technique, the pressure at a location ( 25 ) in the housing ( 20 ) is managed so as to be less than the pressure at a location ( 65 ) that is within the enclosure ( 60 ) as well as both outside and adjacent to the housing. In the event of a leak, as by a crack or unintended opening in the housing, for example, this pressure difference reduces or prevents airflow toward the ribbon and, thereby, undesired thickness variation in the ribbon. According to a second pressure-management technique, the pressure at location ( 25 ) is managed so as to be greater than the pressure in the upper chamber.

BACKGROUND

1. Field

The present disclosure generally relates to controlling thickness, andmore particularly thickness variation, in a glass ribbon as the ribbonis produced, wherein sheets are subsequently separated from the ribbon.

2. Technical Background

A muffle door is used to control thickness gradients in a glass ribbon,from which there are separated glass sheets for making displays—forexample, LCDs, plasma displays, OLEDs, and/or electroluminescentdisplays—and is generally described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,682,609. Air isblown through a bank of tubes of specific diameter a specific distancefrom a front plate designed of high thermal conductivity material thatfaces glass that is at a temperature above its softening pointtemperature. The objective is to generate thermal gradients across theribbon, perpendicular to the direction of glass flow. These thermalgradients change the localized viscosity of the glass in one arearelative to another, impacting the attenuation of the glass, and thuslocal thickness, from a downward pull force. The air that dischargesfrom these tubes circulates in a muffle door housing and is designed todissipate out through venting holes 180° from where the air exits thebank of tubes near the front plate.

SUMMARY

It has been discovered by the present inventors that certain events maycause the venting holes to not fully perform their intended function,which may cause a pressure build-up in the muffle door housing thatresults in undesired gas flows leaking out of the muffle door housing.If undesired gas flows impinge upon the glass ribbon, they may adverselyaffect the thickness control by causing undesired thermal gradients inthe glass. For example, the present inventors have discovered that thefollowing events contribute to increased pressure in the muffle doorhousing that results in uncontrolled and/or undesired gas flows out ofthe muffle door housing: over time, as condensate builds up, the gasflowing through the venting holes can decrease—as orifice efficiency ishighly dependent upon edge quality around the orifice hole; sometimesthe amount of gas delivered by the bank of tubes—to effect the desiredthermal gradients in the glass ribbon—increases beyond thedissipating-capacity of the venting holes; sometimes pressure changes inan enclosure surrounding a fusion draw machine (FDM) may affect theability of gas to flow through the venting holes and out of the muffledoor housing. When the uncontrolled and/or undesired gas-flows impingeon the glass ribbon, they cause undesired thickness variation in theribbon.

The present disclosure sets forth ways to manage pressure within themuffle door relative to pressures in the FDM enclosure, and in an upperchamber disposed outside the FDM enclosure, so as to minimize or controlundesired gas flows that would adversely affect thickness control.

According to one pressure-management technique, the pressure in themuffle door is managed so as to be less than the pressure at a locationthat is within the FDM enclosure as well as both outside and adjacent tothe muffle door. For example, the location may be between the muffledoor housing and the glass or glass ribbon. In the event of a crack orunintended opening in the muffle door housing, for example, thispressure difference reduces or prevents gas flow toward the ribbon and,thereby, undesired thickness variation.

There are various ways to carry out the first pressure managementtechnique. For example, gas flow out of the muffle door housing may bemanaged by: increasing the size of the existing venting holes in themuffle door housing; increasing the number of venting holes by makingnew holes in the muffle door housing; connecting the muffle door housingto an air handler to either passively or actively remove gas from themuffle door housing; disconnecting one or more of the existingfluid-inlet tubes from its fluid source; and/or removing one or more ofthe existing fluid-inlet tubes. Alternatively, or in addition, thepressure in the FDM enclosure may be increased. These ways may be usedindividually, or in combination with one another.

According to a second pressure-management technique, the pressure in themuffle door is managed so as to be greater than the pressure in achamber that is disposed around the outside of at least the portion ofthe FDM enclosure in which the muffle door is disposed. Accordingly,there is minimized an adverse affect on thickness due to any changes inpressure in the chamber that result in reduced gas flow from the muffledoor housing.

Additional features and advantages will be set forth in the detaileddescription which follows, and in part will be readily apparent to thoseskilled in the art from the description or recognized by practicing theinvention as exemplified in the written description and the appendeddrawings. It is to be understood that both the foregoing generaldescription and the following detailed description are merely exemplaryof the invention, and are intended to provide an overview or frameworkto understanding the nature and various principles of the invention asit is claimed.

By way of non-limiting example, the various ways to carry out thepressure-management techniques of the invention may be combined intovarious aspects as follows:

According to a first aspect there is provided a method of producing aglass sheet with reduced thickness variation, the method including:drawing a glass ribbon from a forming body that is disposed within anenclosure; delivering fluid to a housing, that is disposed within theenclosure and facing the forming body, so as to control local thicknessof the ribbon, wherein delivering fluid to the housing comprisesdelivering fluid from a fluid source through a plurality of tubes havingoutlets within the housing; maintaining a first pressure at a locationthat is in the housing, and maintaining a second pressure at a secondlocation that is in the enclosure as well as both outside and adjacentto the housing, so that the second pressure is greater than the firstpressure; and separating a glass sheet from the ribbon.

According to a second aspect there is provided the method of aspect 1,wherein maintaining the second pressure greater than the first pressurecomprises reducing the first pressure by managing a flow of fluid out ofthe housing.

According to a third aspect there is provided the method of aspect 2,wherein managing the flow of fluid out of the housing comprisesdisconnecting one or more of the plurality of tubes from the fluidsource so that fluid may flow out of the housing through thedisconnected one or more of the plurality of tubes.

According to a fourth aspect there is provided the method of aspect 3,further comprising coupling the disconnected one or more of theplurality of tubes to a vacuum, pump, blower, fan, or compressor.

According to a fifth aspect there is provided the method of aspect 2,wherein managing the flow of fluid out of the housing comprises removingone or more of the plurality of tubes from the housing so that fluid mayflow out of the housing through a hole vacated by the one or more of theplurality of tubes.

According to a sixth aspect there is provided the method of aspect 2,wherein managing the flow of fluid out of the housing comprises activelyremoving fluid from the housing by a device that is a vacuum, pump,blower, fan or compressor.

According to a seventh aspect there is provided the method of any one ofaspects 4 or 6, wherein a chamber is disposed around a portion of theenclosure in which is disposed the housing, and the fluid removed fromthe housing is outlet to the chamber.

According to an eighth aspect there is provided the method of aspect 6,wherein a chamber is disposed around a portion of the enclosure in whichis disposed the housing, and wherein fluid removed from the housing isoutlet to a space outside the chamber.

According to a ninth aspect there is provided the method of aspect 2,wherein a chamber is disposed around a portion of the enclosure in whichis disposed the housing, and the method further includes: managing theflow of fluid out of the housing by passively coupling the housing withthe chamber, and maintaining a third pressure in the chamber so that thethird pressure is less than the first pressure.

According to a tenth aspect there is provided an apparatus, for makingglass, including: a forming body having an end from which the glass isdrawn; a housing having a front wall, the front wall facing the end ofthe forming body, a first pressure existing at a location that is in thehousing and adjacent to the front wall; a tube including an outletdisposed within the housing; a fluid source coupled to the tube so as todeliver fluid through the outlet to control the temperature of the frontwall; and an enclosure surrounding the forming body and the housing, asecond pressure existing at a second location that is in the enclosureas well as both outside and adjacent to the housing, wherein the secondpressure is greater than the first pressure.

According to an eleventh aspect there is provided the apparatus ofaspect 10, further including: a chamber disposed around a portion of theenclosure in which is disposed the housing, a third pressure existing inthe chamber; and a second tube coupled for fluid communication betweenthe housing and the chamber.

According to a twelfth aspect there is provided the apparatus of aspect11, further comprising one of a vacuum, pump, blower, fan, orcompressor, disposed in fluid communication with the second tube so asto be capable of moving fluid from the housing to the chamber.

According to a thirteenth aspect there is provided the apparatus ofaspect 10, further including: a chamber disposed around a portion of theenclosure in which is disposed the housing, a third pressure existing inthe chamber; and a second tube coupled for fluid communication betweenthe housing and a space outside the chamber.

According to a fourteenth aspect there is provided the apparatus of anyone of aspects 11 or 13, wherein the first pressure is greater than thethird pressure.

According to a fifteenth aspect there is provided the apparatus ofaspect 13, further comprising one of a vacuum, pump, blower, fan, orcompressor, disposed in fluid communication with the second tube so asto be capable of moving fluid from the housing to the space outside thechamber.

According to a sixteenth aspect there is provided the apparatus ofaspect 10, further comprising one of a vacuum, pump, blower, fan, orcompressor, disposed in fluid communication with the housing so as to becapable of removing fluid from the housing.

According to a seventeenth aspect there is provided the apparatus of anyone of aspects 10 or 16, further comprising a chamber disposed around aportion of the enclosure in which is disposed the housing, a thirdpressure existing in the chamber, wherein the first pressure is greaterthan the third pressure.

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a furtherunderstanding of various principles of the invention, and areincorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. Thedrawings illustrate one or more embodiment(s), and together with thedescription serve to explain, by way of example, various principles andoperation of the invention. It is to be understood that the variousprinciples and features of the invention disclosed in this specificationand in the drawings can be used in any and all combinations.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a thickness-control-zone (e.g.muffle door) housing disposed within a fusion-draw-machine housing that,in turn, is disposed within upper and lower chambers.

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a back plate of a muffle doorhousing.

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the apparatus of FIG. 1 as takenalong line 3-3.

FIG. 4 is a graphical representation of pressures at different locationsin the apparatus of FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following detailed description, for purposes of explanation andnot limitation, example embodiments disclosing specific details are setforth to provide a thorough understanding of various principles of thepresent invention. However, it will be apparent to one having ordinaryskill in the art, having had the benefit of the present disclosure, thatthe present invention may be practiced in other embodiments that departfrom the specific details disclosed herein. Moreover, descriptions ofwell-known devices, methods and materials may be omitted so as not toobscure the description of various principles of the present invention.Finally, wherever applicable, like reference numerals refer to likeelements.

As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” include pluralreferents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, forexample, reference to a “component” includes aspects having two or moresuch components, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Directional terms as used herein—for example up, down, right, left,front, forward, back, backward—are made only with reference to thefigures as drawn and are not intended to imply absolute orientation.

The present disclosure sets forth ways to manage pressure within themuffle door relative to pressures in the FDM enclosure and upper chamberso as to minimize or control undesired airflows that would adverselyaffect thickness control of the glass ribbon. According to onepressure-management technique, the pressure in the muffle door ismanaged so as to be less than the pressure at a location that is withinthe FDM enclosure as well as both outside and adjacent to the muffledoor housing. In the event of a leak, as by a crack or unintendedopening in the muffle door housing, for example, this pressuredifference reduces or prevents gas flow toward the ribbon and, thereby,undesired thickness variation. According to a second pressure-managementtechnique, the pressure in the muffle door is managed so as to begreater than the pressure in a chamber that is disposed around theoutside of the portion of the FDM enclosure in which the muffle doorhousing is disposed. Accordingly, there is minimized an adverse affecton thickness due to any changes in pressure in the chamber that reducegas flow from the muffle door housing.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fusion down-draw machine (FDM) formaking glass. For purposes of explanation, various principles of thepresent invention will be set forth in the context of an FDM. However,it should be noted that the various principles of the present inventionmay be applied to other types of glass making machines and processes,for example, other down-draw processes and apparatuses, slot-draw,float, and/or up-draw.

As shown in FIG. 1, the FDM includes a forming body 2 and muffle doorhousings 20 disposed within an FDM enclosure 60. Various other equipment61 may also be disposed within the enclosure 60 below the housing 20.The enclosure 60 is surrounded by an upper chamber 40 and a lowerchamber 50.

The forming body 2 receives molten glass from an inlet pipe 4. The glassflows over the forming body 2 in two separate flows 6 that recombine atthe end 3 of the forming body 2 to form a glass ribbon 8 having athickness 9. Although not shown, for purposes of simplification, variousstructures are used to move and/or guide the glass ribbon 8 in adownward direction. A glass sheet 10 is then separated from the lowerend of the ribbon 8 using techniques known in the art.

A pair of muffle door housings 20 is used to control variations inthickness 9 across the glass ribbon 8, i.e., in a direction into and outof the plane of FIG. 1. One housing 20 is disposed on each side of theribbon 8. The housings 20 have the same structure and, therefore, onlyone will be described in detail. Similarly, various principles may beexplained in connection with one of the shown housings 20, with theunderstanding that those same principles may apply equally to the otherhousing 20. The housing 20 is disposed so as to face the forming body 2,and the glass ribbon 8 when the glass ribbon 8 has a viscosity above itssoftening point. The housing 20 includes a front plate 21, a back plate22, and a plurality of tubes 23.

The front plate 21 is formed of a material having high conductivity, lowthermal expansion, and a high emissivity constant with time andtemperature. Preferably the front plate 21 is formed of a siliconcarbide slab and the back surface thereof, except for the boundingborders, is free from contact with any supporting structure which wouldcause thermal discontinuity across the face of the slab. The back plate22, shown in more detail in FIG. 2, includes holes 28 through which thetubes 23 extend. The holes 28 may have a diameter substantially the sameas, or slightly larger than, that of the tubes 23. Each of the tubes 23includes an outlet 24 within the housing 20.

A fluid source 30 is coupled to the tubes 23 by conduit 32. The fluidmay be air, compressed air, any other suitable gas, for example.Throughout the specification, the term “air” or “airflow” is used forconvenience but is meant to include all suitable types of gas or otherfluid. The fluid is delivered from the fluid source 30, through theconduit 32, through the tubes 23, and into the interior of the housing20 so as to impinge on and locally control the temperature of the frontplate 21. The flow of fluid through each tube 23 may be individuallyregulated, in a manner known in the art, to control the thicknessgradient across the ribbon 8. The system is designed so that the fluidthen flows out of venting holes 26 and/or other openings in the backplate 22 (for example openings created by a differential in size betweenthe tubes 23 and the holes 28) to a location 67 in the enclosure 60, asindicated by arrow 68.

The FDM enclosure 60 is disposed around the forming body 2, housings 20,and equipment 61—for example coil windings, thermocouples, resistanceheaters and/or insulating baskets—in order to provide a controlledenvironment (in terms of pressure, airflow, and/or temperature forexample) to the glass making process. However, over the general section62, there are various openings in the enclosure 60 which provide fluidflow paths 64 between the enclosure 60 and the upper chamber 40. Theseopenings may include intended openings—for electrical connection, forfluid connection, for entry and/or access to the equipment 61 or otherequipment, for water cooling ports, for resistance heaters, for coilwindings for thermo couples, and/or for tubes 23, for example—and/orunintended cracks or holes. Even when seals are provided for the devicesinserted through the intended openings, there may still be leaks in theseal allowing flow along paths 64.

Also, the environment in enclosure 60 is influenced by conditions inlower chamber 50. That is, for example, a relative differential inpressure and/or temperature between lower chamber 50 and enclosure 60creates convective air flows along paths, exemplified by arrow 52, fromthe lower chamber to the enclosure 60. Additionally, due to thetemperature differential within the enclosure 60 itself, convectivecurrents cause air flows, exemplified by arrows 63, upward within theenclosure 60. Together the air flow movement along paths 52 and 63,contribute to a pressure within the enclosure 60 at location 65. Thelocation 65 is within the enclosure 60, but is both outside and adjacentto housing 20. The heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system(HVAC) for chamber 50 may be used to influence the flow along path 52and, thus, the pressure at location 65. That is, the HVAC system caneither tend to increase pressure on chamber 50 which would increase flowalong path 52 and thus tend to increase pressure at location 65, or tendto decrease pressure on chamber 50 which would tend to decrease flowalong path 52 and thus tend to decrease the pressure at location 65.

A pressure exists at location 25 in housing 20. The pressure in housing20 may increase during normal operation of the FDM. For example, ifgreater temperature change is required to control thickness in theribbon 8, then more fluid may flow into housing 20 via tubes 23.Alternatively, or in addition, the fluid flow out of the housing 20through the vent holes 26 and/or openings in rear plate 22 may bereduced and/or blocked due to condensate build-up at those locations.Accordingly, if the designed out-flow is not maintained, pressure maybuild up in housing 20.

The pressure at location 25 also may increase due to events in the upperchamber 40. For example, the pressure in upper chamber 40 may increasedue to: a malfunction in a fan or control sensor; a dramatic change inpressure outside of the upper and lower chambers, e.g., in plant air; achange in pressure, or pressure reversal, between the area near inlet 4and the down comer (not shown) that is coupled to the inlet 4; a sealingchange or air exfiltration from an encapsulated melt system that isdisposed in the upper chamber. And the increase in pressure in upperchamber 40 may lead to decreased flow along paths 64, and/or decreasedflow along paths 68, thereby increasing the pressure in the housing 20at location 25.

If the pressure at location 25 increases, as per the above descriptionor by other factors, beyond the pressure at location 65, there may occurundesired fluid flow out of housing 20 and towards the ribbon 8. Thatis, a greater pressure at location 25 than at location 65 would drivefluid out of any cracks or openings in the housing 20. And thisundesired fluid flow toward the ribbon 8 can disadvantageously causeunwanted cooling, which leads to uncontrolled thickness variation in theribbon 8.

Accordingly, it is desired to maintain the pressure at location 25 lessthan the pressure at location 65 so as to prevent any air flowing fromhousing 20 toward the ribbon 8. That is, when any cracks or openings arepresent in housing 20 (especially in the portions of housing 20 that areadjacent to ribbon 8), the higher pressure at location 65 in theenclosure 60 will prevent air flowing into that region and toward theribbon 8 from the lower pressure region at location 25. Pressuresensors, not shown but known to one of ordinary skill in the art, may beused to monitor the pressures at locations 25 and 65. These pressuresmay be easily compared, and then may be adjusted as necessary tomaintain the desired condition of having the pressure at 25 lower thanthe pressure at 65. The pressure at 25 may be maintained lower than thepressure at 65 in various ways. For example, the pressure at 65 may beincreased by forcing more flow along the paths 52, 63 as noted above,for example, or the pressure at 25 may be reduced by managing the flowof fluid out of housing 20. The fluid flow out of housing 20 may bemanaged in various different ways.

One way to manage fluid flow out of housing 20 is to make extra holes 27in the back plate 22 of the housing. See FIG. 2. The number and size ofthe holes 27 can be used as a variable for adjusting the amount of airflow between the housing 20 and the enclosure 60 at location 67, whichis away from the ribbon 8. The extra holes 27 may be formed as necessarythroughout the duration of a glass-making operation. That is, forexample, upon detection of an undesired pressure differential betweenthe housing 20 and the enclosure 60 at location 65, one or moreadditional holes 27 may be formed in the back plate 22. Then, at a latertime, when another undesired pressure differential between the housing20 and the enclosure 60 at location 65 is detected, further additionalholes 27 may be formed in the back plate 22. Moreover, although theadditional holes 27 are shown as being uniformly spaced over the back ofthe plate 22, and of the same size, they need not be. That is, anysuitable distribution and combination of sizes may be used for theadditional holes 27. Additionally, although the holes 27 are shown ascircular, they may be any suitable shape.

A second way to manage fluid flow from housing is to disconnect theconduit 32 (and thus fluid source 30) from one or more tubes 23, thuscreating one or more disconnected tubes 29. See FIGS. 2 and 3. Leaving adisconnected tube 29 in place, but uncoupling the conduit 32 at alocation outside of the enclosure 60 will provide a fluid flow path fromhousing 20 to the upper chamber 40. Although only one disconnected tube29 is shown, any suitable number of disconnected tubes 29 may be used.Further, the location of the disconnected tube 29 may be varied asnecessary. That is, a disconnected tube 29 may be used at any desiredlocation across the width of the ribbon 8, i.e., in the right-and-leftdirection as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. In one embodiment, it is desirableto use a disconnected tube 29 near the outer edges of the ribbon 8 tominimize any disturbance near the quality area of the ribbon 8. Thistechnique offers the advantages of being easy to implement, and capableof being retro-fit to existing FDMs—even during continued operation ofthe FDM.

A third way to manage fluid flow from housing 20 is to remove one ormore of the tubes 23 altogether, thereby providing one or more holes 28in rear plate 22. See FIGS. 2 and 3. The one or more holes 28 then allowfluid communication from the housing 20 to the location 67 in theenclosure 60; this flow may then find its way into upper chamber 40along any paths 64 that are present. Although only one hole 28 is shown,any suitable number of holes 28 may be used. Further, the location ofthe holes 28 may be varied as necessary. That is, a hole 28 may be usedat any desired location across the width of the ribbon 8. In oneembodiment, it is desirable to use a hole 28 near the outer edges of theribbon 8 to minimize any disturbance near the quality area of the ribbon8. This technique offers the advantages of being easy to implement, andcapable of being retro-fit to existing FDMs—even during continuedoperation of the FDM.

A fourth way to manage fluid flow from housing 20 is to increase thesize and/or number of the existing venting holes 26. Because it may bedifficult to access the venting holes 26 from outside the FDM enclosure60 during operation of the FDM, this technique may have limitedapplicability, but may be desired in some situations.

A fifth way to manage fluid flow from housing 20 is to provide an airhandler 70 coupled to the housing 20. The air handler 70 may be coupledto the housing 20 by one or more tubes 23, and/or by a conduit 78. SeeFIGS. 1 and 3. The air handler 70 may include a path 74 so as to providefluid communication between housing 20 and upper chamber 40.Alternatively, or in addition, the air handler may include a path 76 soas to provide fluid communication between housing 20 and a space outsideof upper chamber 40. The air handler 70 may be a passive duct, a vacuum,a pump, a compressor, a fan, or a blower, for example. The volume and/ormass flow through the air handler 70 may be monitored in any mannerknown in the art. Although the air handler 70 is shown as being coupledto tubes 23 at the ends of a housing 20, it may be coupled to anydesired number of tubes 23 at any desired locations. In one embodiment,it is advantageous to use the tubes 23 near the outer edges of theribbon 8 to minimize any disturbance near the quality area of the ribbon8.

When there is ready, passive, fluid communication between the housing 20and the upper chamber 40, it is advantageous also to have the pressurein housing 20 be greater than the pressure in the upper chamber 40. Inthis manner, there may be minimized or reduced the effect on thepressure in housing 20 from disturbances in pressure in the upperchamber 40. There may be ready, passive, fluid communication betweenhousing 20 and upper chamber 40 when, for example: the air handler 70 isa conduit, and the path 74 is present; the disconnected tube 29 is used;and/or to a lesser extent, when a tube 23 is removed altogether and thehole in enclosure 60 through which it used to extend is not sealed (oris insufficiently sealed).

As noted above, when there is a ready, passive, fluid communicationbetween housing 20 and upper chamber 40, it is desirable to have thepressure in housing 20 greater than that in upper chamber 40. On anotherhand, there may be situations when it is acceptable to have the pressurein upper chamber 40 greater than that in housing 20. For example, whenthe air handler 70 is an active element—for example a fan, blower, pump,vacuum, or compressor—fluid may be moved from housing 20 to upperchamber 40 even though the pressure in chamber 40 is greater than thatin housing 20. However, even when air handler 70 is an active element,it may still be desirable to have the pressure in housing 20 greaterthan that in upper chamber 40 to minimize the effects on airflow alongany fluid flow paths 64 that are present.

A sixth way to manage fluid flow from housing 20 is to manipulate theHVAC system for upper chamber 40 so as to influence the flow along path64 and, thus, the pressure at location 25. That is, this HVAC system caneither tend to increase pressure on chamber 40 which would decrease flowalong path 64 and thus tend to increase pressure at location 25, or tendto decrease pressure on chamber 40 which would tend to increase flowalong path 64 and thus tend to decrease the pressure at location 25.

FIG. 4 is a graphical representation of the pressures discussed above.Line 100 represents the pressure in the FDM enclosure 60 at location 65.The pressure 100 at location 65 slightly may vary over time due tovariations in the conditions within the enclosure 60 and/or in the lowerchamber 50. Line 104 represents the pressure in the upper chamber 40.The pressure 104 may instantaneously vary due to the factors asdiscussed above. Lines 102 and 106 represent different target pressuresat location 25 in the muffle door housing 20. According to oneembodiment, the target pressure 102 is below pressure 100, i.e., thepressure in housing 20 is below that in the enclosure 60 at location 65.According to another embodiment, target pressure 102 is above pressure104, i.e., the pressure in the housing 20 is above the pressure in theupper chamber 40. According to still another embodiment, target pressure106 is set below the pressure 104, i.e., the pressure in the housing 20is set below that in upper chamber 40.

It should be emphasized that the above-described embodiments of thepresent invention, particularly any “preferred” embodiments, are merelypossible examples of implementations, merely set forth for a clearunderstanding of the various principles of the invention. Manyvariations and modifications may be made to the above-describedembodiments of the invention without departing substantially from thespirit and various principles of the invention. All such modificationsand variations are intended to be included herein within the scope ofthis disclosure and the present invention and protected by the followingclaims.

1-10. (canceled)
 11. An apparatus, for making glass, comprising: aforming body having an end from which the glass is drawn; a housinghaving a front wall, the front wall facing the end of the forming body,a first pressure existing at a location that is in the housing andadjacent to the front wall; a tube including an outlet disposed withinthe housing; a fluid source coupled to the tube so as to deliver fluidthrough the outlet to control the temperature of the front wall; and anenclosure surrounding the forming body and the housing, a secondpressure existing at a second location that is in the enclosure as wellas both outside and adjacent to the housing, wherein the second pressureis greater than the first pressure.
 12. The apparatus of claim 11,further comprising: a chamber disposed around a portion of the enclosurein which is disposed the housing, a third pressure existing in thechamber; and a second tube coupled for fluid communication between thehousing and the chamber.
 13. The apparatus of claim 12, furthercomprising one of a vacuum, pump, blower, fan, or compressor, disposedin fluid communication with the second tube so as to be capable ofmoving fluid from the housing to the chamber.
 14. The apparatus of claim12, wherein the first pressure is greater than the third pressure. 15.The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising: a chamber disposed arounda portion of the enclosure in which is disposed the housing, a thirdpressure existing in the chamber; and a second tube coupled for fluidcommunication between the housing and a space outside the chamber. 16.The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the first pressure is greater thanthe third pressure.
 17. The apparatus of claim 15, further comprisingone of a vacuum, pump, blower, fan, or compressor, disposed in fluidcommunication with the second tube so as to be capable of moving fluidfrom the housing to the space outside the chamber.
 18. The apparatus ofclaim 11, further comprising one of a vacuum, pump, blower, fan, orcompressor, disposed in fluid communication with the housing so as to becapable of removing fluid from the housing.
 19. The apparatus of claim18, further comprising a chamber disposed around a portion of theenclosure in which is disposed the housing, a third pressure existing inthe chamber, wherein the first pressure is greater than the thirdpressure.
 20. The apparatus of claim 11, further comprising a chamberdisposed around a portion of the enclosure in which is disposed thehousing, a third pressure existing in the chamber, wherein the firstpressure is greater than the third pressure.